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Fajr Prayer and Sunrise.

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Answered by Ustadh Salman Younas

Question: Assalam aleykum

If Fajr finishes at 7.12, and I start praying at 7.09 and finish at 7.12 exactly, is my Fajr prayer valid?

Answer: assalamu alaykum

In the Hanafi school, not completing Fajr before sunrise, which is the end time of the prayer, will invalidate it. Thus, if Fajr ends at 7:12 and you do not complete the prayer prior to this time, you will have to make it up later.

[Ustadh] Salman Younas

Checked and approved by Shaykh Faraz Rabbani

Ustadh Salman Younas  graduated from Stony Brook University with a degree in Political Science and Religious Studies. After studying the Islamic sciences online and with local scholars in New York, Ustadh Salman moved to Amman where he spent five years studying Islamic law, legal methodology, belief, hadith methodology, logic, Arabic, and tafsir. He is currently a PhD candidate at the University of Oxford and continues his traditional studies with scholars in the United Kingdom.

Hastening Fajr before Sunrise (Hanafi)

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Ustadh Tabraze Azam gives advice on being pressed for time to pray fajr and how best to pray them in their time if one only has a few minutes.

Question:

Assalam alaykum wa rahmat Allah wa barakatuh.

I was praying fajr Salah with my brother as the imam. We didn’t have much time left till sunrise (2 minutes).

I recited as normal, except in the final sitting where after reciting the whole tashahhud I shortened the durood to “Allahuma salli ala sayyidina Muhammad.” Is the prayer valid?

If this happens again where there is such little time before sunrise please could you detail the best manner in which to shorten the prayer in the Hanafi school?

Jazakum Allah khayran.

Answer:

Wa alaykum assalam wa rahmat Allah wa barakatuh.

Yes, the dawn (fajr) prayer is valid if you end it before sunrise.

Normally, if you only have a minute before sunrise, you should be able to comfortably pray two cycles (rak‘as) of fajr by omitting a sunna here or there. An example would be to omit the opening invocation (thana’) or the final supplication (du‘a).

This is the proper thing to do. If you cannot pray two cycles at that speed, you should strive to learn how to do so. Then practice, so you can do it should the need arise. Allah Most High says, “Indeed, performing prayers is a duty on the believers at the appointed times.” (Sura al Nisa 4:103)

Please note that if the sun rises while you are praying fajr, the prayer would be invalidated, and you would need to redo it. But some of the other legal schools are more expansive on this issue. As such, it’s best not to be hasty in making judgements regarding the prayers of other people. (Shurunbulali, Maraqi al-Falah)

Please also see What Should I Do If I Almost Don’t Have Time to Pray Fajr Before Sunrise? and Is My Prayer Valid If I Finish Praying outside Its Respective Prayer Time?

And Allah Most High knows best.

Wassalam,

Tabraze Azam.

Checked and approved by Shaykh Faraz Rabbani.

Is It Valid to Recite Only One Verse in Each Cycle of the Fajr Prayer?

What Should I Do If Only a Few Minutes Are Left Before the Exiting of the Time of the Fajr Prayer?

Missing the Sunna of Fajr

I Struggle with My Prayers and Am so Worried About My Family Members Who Do Not Pray. What Do I Do?

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Answered by Ustadha Raidah Shah Idil

Question: Assalam aleykum,

I have always found Fajr prayer challenging throughout my life, due to my husband working night shifts. A year ago, I had a major operation and although I have recovered I have pain which is worse at night. This has made it more difficult to pray all five of my prayers and I feel very depressed knowing that my life is passing by.

Also, I worry so much about my adult children and husband who do not pray. How can I be content and not carry this heavy burden of guilt, fear and depression and worship God because I love Him? Not because I fear that I will end up in hell if I do not pray?

Answer: Assalamualaykkum wa rahmatullahi wa barakatuh,

I pray this finds you well. May Allah reward you for reaching out to us. Please forgive me for the delay.

Prayer

Narrated Abu Sa`id Al-Khudri and Abu Huraira (may Allah be pleased with them both): The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said, “No fatigue, nor disease, nor sorrow, nor sadness, nor hurt, nor distress befalls a Muslim, even if it were the prick he receives from a thorn, but that Allah expiates some of his sins for that.” [Bukhari]

Dear sister, your pain is not lost on Allah. Know that with every tear you shed, He knows. May Allah elevate your rank in Jannah as a reward for your patience.

Please do the best you can to establish your prayers. Even when you do miss your obligatory prayers, make the intention to pay them back as soon as you can. Come up with a chart, and tick it off every day, as a way of visually encouraging yourself to continue. Because of your intention to pay them back, even if you die before you manage to pay back all your prayers, trust that it is not difficult for Allah to forgive your debt to Him.

Don’t give into despair, because your Merciful Creator loves you, and wants good for you.

Family

“O mankind, worship your Lord, who created you and those before you, that you may become righteous.” [Qur’an, 2:21]

It is heartbreaking when the ones we love do not practice Islam. It is normal to fear for them, and to fret about their station with Allah.

Despite that, as impossible as this may feel, please do your best to worry about your own acts of worship. You have no control over what your husband and children do. The more you ache over them, then the more your health will be affected. You were not placed on this planet to worship your husband or your children – you were placed here to worship Allah alone. You are responsible for your actions, and they are responsible for theirs.

Children

One of my teachers, Ustadha Mariam Bashar, gave me some insight into how a mother can deal with a child (or children) who do not practice the deen. She reminded us that it is natural for any mother to blame herself for the wrongdoings of their children. However, she pointed out that if that really were the case, then Prophet Nuh and Prophet Ya’qub (upon them be blessings and peace) would have been bad parents (wa al-iyadhu bi Allah). She went on explain that it is possible for perfectly good parents – even Prophets – to have children who behave in ways displeasing to Allah.

Lead them by example, and through being emotionally connected with them. Are your children teenagers? I encourage you to read up on the relevant Aha! Parenting strategies. Again, this leads back to you establishing your own prayers and finding your own inner place of calm.

God

It was narrated from Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) entered upon a young man who was dying and said: “How do you feel?” He said: “I have hope in Allah, O Messenger of Allah, but I fear my sins.” The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “These two things (hope and fear) do not coexist in the heart of a person in a situation like this, but Allah will give him that which he hopes for and keep him safe from that which he fears.” [Sunan Ibn Majah]

The more you know Allah, then the more you will love Him. Please reach out to authentic classes about Islamic belief, to help you better understand the attributes of Allah.

Until registration opens, I suggest that you browse and benefit from SeekersHub’s on-demand courses and podcasts.

Depression

I suggest that you speak to a Muslim counsellor, therapist or psychologist who can help you learn better coping tools. If a Muslim one is not available, then seek out a culturally-sensitive one. Depression is something you can overcome, but it is too difficult to do so alone. Seeking help is not a sign of weakness. Know that you can better nourish your family when you yourself are nourished.

Pain

It is very difficult to be in chronic pain. What kind of chronic pain support do you have? Have you considered acupuncture or other alternative therapies?

I pray that Allah heals your sorrow, and draws you closer to Him.

Please see:

Selected Prophetic Prayers for Spiritual, Physical and Emotional Wellbeing by Chaplain Ibrahim Long

[Ustadha] Raidah Shah Idil

Checked & Approved by Shaykh Faraz Rabbani

Ustadha Raidah Shah Idil has spent almost two years in Amman, Jordan, where she learned Shafi’i’ fiqh, Arabic, Seerah, Aqeedah, Tasawwuf, Tafsir and Tajweed. She continues to study with her Teachers in Malaysia and online through SeekersHub Global. She graduated with a Psychology and English degree from University of New South Wales, was a volunteer hospital chaplain for 5 years and has completed a Diploma of Counselling from the Australian Institute of Professional Counsellors. She lives in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, with her husband, daughter, and mother-in-law.

How Can I Know the Time for Fajr in a Country Where There Is No Real Darkness?

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Answered by Shaykh Abdul-Rahim Reasat

Question: Assalamu alaykum

I have a question about Fajr and Isha timings in Poland. Here in Poland from May to August there is no real darkness. Only Astronomical Twilight till Nautical Twilight appears in the morning. Some mosques uses 15 some 17 and some 18 degrees. Which one is the correct one according to the Hanafi school?

Answer: Wa ‘alaykum as-salam wa rahmatullah wa barakatuh

I pray you are well.

A practical approach

The simplest approach is to pick a local mosque and then pray, and initiate your fast according to its timetable. You should, however, try to stick to one so you are not praying fajr at a time one day, and then eating at that time the next, and so on. Treat it as you would treat any other position upon which the ulema have differed: practice one unless there is undue difficulty, in which case you should consult a reliable local scholar.

Differences within the school

This issue has been the subject of a much discussion amongst scholars from all four legal schools for a millennium. The essential discussion revolves around the question of does the prayer time for salat al-ʿisha exist in places which are found on at latitude of 48.5 and above during the summer months when there is a persistent twilight, or not? This, in turn, affects the question of when the fast, and the time for salat al-Fajr should begin.

In the Hanafi school there are two positions on this: the former states that the time of ʿIsha does not exist, and the latter states that it does, but the sign the Shari’a has given us to indicate its entrance – the disappearance of the twilight – is missing. Both positions have the support of major figures in the Hanafi school.

The latter position, however, has been very convincingly argued by leading Hanafi scholars such as al-Kamal b. al-Humam in his book Fatḥ al-Qadir, and more recently by Harun al-Marjani. al-Marjani was a 19th century Russian Hanafi who lived in Qazan, which is on a latitude of 55, and had to deal with this very issue. In his seminal work, Nazurat al-Haqq, he convincingly shows the superiority of Ibn al-Humam’s position, and concludes that in the absence of the usual sign to indicate the entrance of Isha and Fajr, the time to pray Isha and to begin fasting must be calculated. This is also the position of other scholars, and of the Shafi’i school.

Calculation

Seeing as the precise means of calculation is not mentioned in the primary texts of the religion, this issue becomes a matter of ijtihad, which means that qualified scholars must attempt to come to a conclusion based on their understandings of the religion. There are a number of valid positions and methods of calculations which have been put forward, and each is assessed by scholars on the grounds of the strength of its legal reasoning.

Here in the UK, some of the more commonly used means of calculation of when the fast should begin are:

1. Aqrab al-Ayyam, which means that Fajr will be said to begin at the last time it occurrence was observed before then onset of persistent twilight.
2. Tansif al-Layl, which is when the time between is divided half; the first half being allocated for Maghrib and Isha, and the latter half for Fajr.

These two positions are considered by many leading scholars to be the most precautios in religion; they are also quite practical seeing as they allow people to start their fast and pray fajr in the region of 1-2pm, based of the location, and then get a block of uninterrupted sleep. There are, however, other valid approaches. Similarly, there are also a number of positions to determine the start of Isha.

Further Reading

A good resource which details the intricacies of this issue is the work Shedding Light On the Dawn by Dr Asim Yusuf. Even a quick look at this work shows the great effort scholars put into reaching legal rulings, and that their conclusions are not arbitrary.

(Ref: Durr al-Mukhtar; Radd al-Muhtar, Nazurat al-Haqq, Fath al-Mulhim, Shedding Light of the Dawn).

May Allah grant you the best of both worlds.

Wassalam,
[Shaykh] Abdul-Rahim Reasat

Shaykh Abdul-Rahim Reasat began his studies in Arabic Grammar and Morphology in 2005. After graduating with a degree in English and History he moved to Damascus in 2007 to study and sit at the feet of some of the most erudite scholars of our time.

Over the following eighteen months he studied a traditional curriculum, studying with scholars such as Shaykh Adnan Darwish, Shaykh Abdurrahman Arjan, Shaykh Hussain Darwish and Shaykh Muhammad Darwish.

In late 2008 he moved to Amman, Jordan, where he continued his studies for the next six years, in Fiqh, Usul al-Fiqh, Theology, Hadith Methodology and Commentary, Shama’il, and Logic with teachers such as Dr Ashraf Muneeb, Dr Salah Abu’l-Hajj, Dr Hamza al-Bakri, Shaykh Ahmad Hasanat, Dr Mansur Abu Zina amongst others. He was also given two licences of mastery in the science of Qur’anic recital by Shakh Samir Jabr and Shaykh Yahya Qandil.

His true passion, however, arose in the presence of Shaykh Ali Hani, considered by many to be one of the foremost tafsir scholars of our time who provided him with the keys to the vast knowledge of the Quran. With Shaykh Ali, he was able to study an extensive curriculum of Qur’anic Sciences, Tafsir, Arabic Grammar, and Rhetoric.

When he finally left Jordan for the UK in 2014, Shaykh Ali gave him his distinct blessing and still recommends students in the UK to seek out Shaykh Abdul-Rahim for Quranic studies. Since his return he has trained as a therapist and has helped a number of people overcome emotional and psychosomatic issues. He is a keen promoter of emotional and mental health.

Should I Recite Silently When I Make up the Fajr Prayer?

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Answered by Ustadh Tabraze Azam

Question: Assalam alaykum

I often wake up late. If I want to make up the Fajr prayer after I wake up am I to recite out loud or silently?

Answer: Assalamu alaikum wa rahmatullah,

If and when praying alone, it is superior for men to replicate the congregational prayer by reciting in a slightly raised voice. The same applies to the makeup (qada’) prayer.

As for missing the prayer, you need to take more serious means to ensure that you wake up for the prayer on time, such as getting to bed soon after the nightfall (‘isha) prayer, using multiple alarms, and even asking others to wake you up, if necessary. Ask Allah Most High to make it easy for you.

Whoever does something with sincerity for Allah’s sake, He blesses them with facilitation.

[Shurunbulali, Maraqi al-Falah, with Tahtawi’s Gloss (1.346); Ibn ‘Abidin, Radd al-Muhtar ‘ala al-Durr al-Mukhtar]

Please also see: A Reader on Missed Prayers and: Loud and Quiet Recitation in Prayer and Qur’anic Recitation

And Allah Most High alone knows best.

wassalam,

[Ustadh] Tabraze Azam

Checked and Approved by Shaykh Faraz Rabbani

Ustadh Tabraze Azam holds a BSc in Computer Science from the University of Leicester, where he also served as the President of the Islamic Society. He memorised the entire Qur’an in his hometown of Ipswich at the tender age of sixteen, and has since studied the Islamic Sciences in traditional settings in the UK, Jordan and Turkey. He is currently pursuing advanced studies in Jordan, where he is presently based with his family.

What It the Difference Between False and True Dawn?

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Answered by Ustadh Salman Younas

Question: Assalam aleykum

I have heard that there is a false fajr (al-fajr al-kaadhib) which does not prevent eating (if we fast) and a true fajr (al-fajr al-sadiq) which is when the prayer Fajr and fast begins.

1. Is it correct?

2. Can we see fajr in a big city?

3. What are the ways by which I can know the time of Fajr has begun if the sky is cloudy?

Answer: assalamu alaykum

1. Yes, this is correct and there are a number of prophetic traditions that distinguish between these two fajrs, such as:

(a) The Prophet (blessings and peace be upon him) said, “Do not let the call to prayer of Bilal prevent you from your pre-dawn meal (suhur), nor the vertical light on the horizon until it spreads horizontally.” [Muslim, Sahih (3:129-30) with slightly different wording; Abu Dawud, Sunan (3:144); al-Tirmidhi, Sunan (2:79)]

(b) The Prophet (blessings and peace be upon him) is reported to have said, “There are two fajrs: a fajr in which food is impermissible and prayer is permitted, and a fajr in which food is permissible and prayer is impermissible.” [Ibn Khuzayma, Sahih (3:116); al-Daraqutni, Sunan (2:165); al-Hakim, Mustadrak (2:456)]

(c) In other narrations, the Prophet (blessings and peace be upon him) described false dawn as resembling the “tale of a wolf.” [al-Daraqutni, Sunan (1:505, 3:115-16); al-Hakim, Mustadrak (2:11-12)]

As these traditions make clear, there is a false dawn and then a true dawn. Each of them was given a particular description. The first of these dawns is legally insignificant, while the second is the time when fajr actually enters.

2. This might prove difficult given light pollution and other visibility issues.

3. For most people, a reliable timetable should suffice.

[Ustadh] Salman Younas

Checked and approved by Shaykh Faraz Rabbani

Ustadh Salman Younas graduated from Stony Brook University with a degree in Political Science and Religious Studies. After studying the Islamic sciences online and with local scholars in New York, Ustadh Salman moved to Amman. There he studies Islamic law, legal methodology, belief, hadith methodology, logic, Arabic, and tafsir.

How Can I Wake up for Fajr and Overcome Pornography Addiction?

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Answered by Shaykh Jamir Meah

Question: Assalamu alaykum

I offer my prayer regularly except Fajr. Sometimes I watch wrong videos. I can’t control myself. How can I stop doing this sin?

Answer: Wa’alaykum assalam. Jazakum Allah for reaching out. May Allah grant you strength to overcome the challenges you’re facing.

Fajr Prayer

The 5 obligatory prayers are the very fundamentals of the faith, and upmost care should be taken to perform each one on time. Allah most high tells us, ‘Worship Me and offer prayer perfectly for My remembrance.’ [13:14]

And the Prophet ﷺ said, ‘The first matter that the slave will be brought to account for on the Day of Judgment is the prayer. If it is sound, then the rest of his deeds will be sound. And if it is bad, then the rest of his deeds will be bad.’ [al Tabarani]

It is important that you work out the reasons why you are not regularly waking up for Fajr and address these issues. You may notice from the hadith that the Prophet ﷺ is telling us that proper performance of prayer has a direct effect on other actions in one’s day. If we are remiss of the prayers, then we will be remiss in other aspects of the faith, including avoiding sins.

To address the issue:

– Ensure you are getting to bed early enough to wake up for Fajr
– Set multiple alarms around the room and places far away from your bed
– Ask a family member to wake you
– Don’t eat or drink too much late in the evening
– Don’t stay up watching things on computer or TV screens
– Keep away from sins and viewing prohibited images and videos
– Take an afternoon nap
– Make the intention to wake up for Fajr when going to bed, and say the sunnah supplications for going to sleep, which can be found in the following answer:
Praiseworthy Acts to Do Before Sleeping

Please also read this answer for further benefit:
The Importance of Fajr Prayer and How to Pray It on Time

Pornography addiction

May Allah give you strength in overcoming this addiction, which is damaging to not only one’s spiritual state and religious practice, but also to one’s physical health. Please try the following:

– Avoid using the internet and any social media as much as possible, even if you have to terminate your internet subscription. If you need to access emails etc., do so in public spaces. Try to minimise any work that needs to be done on a computer, even if it is not using the internet. Move your computer/phone to open areas of the house.

– Keep yourself busy at all times. Have a variety of activates during the day.

-Make a list of things you can automatically do as soon as the urge starts. For example, you may go and make wudu and pray two cycles of prayer, or go and do a quick bout of an exercise etc. Some people find pouring cold water over the private parts helps. Also, make note of any particular activity (e.g. during mental work/reading etc.), or any particular time (such as when you wake up or when you go to sleep) that the urge usually comes, and get up and do one of the distractions on your list.

– Some people set themselves minor penances that will make you think twice. For example, every time you fall prey to the problem, you promise you will give $20 in charity immediately.

– Avoid eating too satiety too much

– Read Qur’an daily. Pray your prayers on time

– Pray the prayer of repentance each time you make the same mistake, and ask Allah to forgive you and grant you the resolve to stop.

– Make plenty of du’a, some of which can be found in the following answer:
Supplications for Stopping Masturbation

Please also read the following answers for more useful information:
A Reader on Pornography Addiction
What Can I Do to Stay Away From Pornography?

Warmest salams,
[Shaykh] Jamir Meah

Shaykh Jamir Meah grew up in Hampstead, London. In 2007, he traveled to Tarim, Yemen, where he spent nine years studying the Islamic sciences on a one-to-one basis under the foremost scholars of the Ribaat, Tarim, with a main specialization and focus on Shafi’i fiqh. In early 2016, he moved to Amman, Jordan, where he continues advanced studies in a range of Islamic sciences, as well as teaching. Jamir is a qualified homeopath.

How Should the Two Cycles Before Fajr and What Is Their Ruling?

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Answered by Ustadh Tabraze Azam

Question: Assalam alaykum

I recently found out that two rakats before fajr are obligatory and must be made up if missed.

1 – Is this prayer separated from the Fajr prayer?

2 – When should I pray it?

3- Sometimes I wake up 20 minutes before sunrise, can I pray this prayer at this time before the Fajr prayer?

4 – What the other prayers I have to do beyond the five daily prayers?

Answer: Wa alaikum assalam wa rahmatullah,

The two cycles before Fajr are an emphasised sunna, and they are only prayed after the time if you awaken after sunrise and make up Fajr before Zuhr on the same day.

1. Yes, it is a separate to the two cycle obligatory Fajr prayer.

2. It is prayed during Fajr time, hence after the adhan.

3. Yes, you should be praying it daily.

4. The emphasised sunnas are twelve: two before Fajr, four before Zuhr, and two after Zuhr, Maghrib and ‘Isha.

Please also see: The Importance of Fajr Prayer and How to Pray It on Time and: Do I Have To Make Up the Sunna Prayer of Fajr Along With Any Missed Obligatory Fajr Prayer?

Consider taking the following free class at SeekersHub: Absolute Essentials of Islam: Basic Hanafi Jurisprudence (STEP)

And Allah Most High alone knows best.

wassalam,
[Ustadh] Tabraze Azam

Checked and Approved by Shaykh Faraz Rabbani

Ustadh Tabraze Azam holds a BSc in Computer Science from the University of Leicester, where he also served as the President of the Islamic Society. He memorised the entire Qur’an in his hometown of Ipswich at the tender age of sixteen, and has since studied the Islamic Sciences in traditional settings in the UK, Jordan and Turkey. He is currently pursuing advanced studies in Jordan, where he is presently based with his family.

What Should I Do If I Almost Don’t Have Time to Pray Fajr Before Sunrise?

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Answered by Ustadh Tabraze Azam

Question: Assalam alaykum

A person wakes up for Fajr and there is very little time left. He performs the four obligatory acts of wudu, and he only performs the obligatory actions of prayers, since it is almost sunrise. This person also had a wet dream. Is his prayer valid since he left the wajib Ghusl out because he would miss the Fajr prayer if he had done it?

Answer: Assalam alaykum wa rahmat Allah,

No, it is not valid to pray without being in a state of ritual purification.

However, if there is not enough time to perform a bare-minimum ritual bath (ghusl) and prayer, then some scholars held that you could perform the dry ablution (tayammum) and pray.

This is actually the position of Imam Zufar who considered the dry ablution to be legislated for the prayer to be prayed within the time.

As such, Ibrahim al-Halabi and Ibn Amir Hajj both mention in their respective commentaries on Munyat al-Musalli that it would be from caution to follow this position, and then to repeat the prayer with a renewed purification [= ghusl, in this case] after the time.

If it is was an actual wet dream, and not mere misgivings, and there was not enough time to perform a ritual bath (ghusl), the correct thing to do would have been to perform the dry ablution (tayammum) and then pray.

Note that it is possible to perform a complete ritual bath and pray two cycles (rak‘as) within a few minutes. It is also good to practice this so that you are easily able to do it if the need arises.

In any case, it would not be proper to leave the necessary (wajib) actions if it will simply result in movements without any notion of prayer. This is particularly the case given that you can perform these two cycles with all the necessary actions within some forty five seconds.

[Ibn ‘Abidin, Radd al-Muhtar ‘ala al-Durr al-Mukhtar (1.164)]

Please also see: The Ritual Bath (ghusl): Obligatory, Recommended, and Disliked Acts and Can I Pray in a State of Ritual Impurity if There Is not enough Time To Perform a Ritual Bath? and Is My Prayer Valid if I Finish Praying Outside its Respective Prayer Time?

And Allah Most High alone knows best.

Wassalam,

[Ustadh] Tabraze Azam

Checked and Approved by Shaykh Faraz Rabbani

Ustadh Tabraze Azam holds a BSc in Computer Science from the University of Leicester, where he also served as the President of the Islamic Society. He memorized the entire Qur’an in his hometown of Ipswich at the tender age of sixteen, and has since studied the Islamic Sciences in traditional settings in the UK, Jordan and Turkey. He is currently pursuing advanced studies in Jordan, where he is presently based with his family.

Is It Permissible to Pray the Fajr Prayer After Sunrise but Before the Eid Prayer?

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Answered by Ustadh Tabraze Azam

Question: Assalam alaykum,

Is it permissible to pray the Fajr prayer after sunrise but before the Eid prayer?

Answer: Assalam alaykum wa rahmatuLlah,

The general interdiction against praying before the Eid prayer refers to voluntary prayers.

As for Fajr, it cannot be deliberately performed after sunrise. The time of Fajr is between true dawn and sunrise, and it must be prayed within that time frame. The exception is if it is unintentionally missed, in which case, it can generally be prayed at any time. But, depending on the circumstance, there could be some detail to this ruling. [see: Prohibited times for Prayers and Makeup Prayers and: Do You Have to Pray Make Up Prayers in Order?]

However, we do not rebuke those who may be somewhat lax in their religiosity or even those newly religious who pray either during sunrise itself, or thereafter. This is because (1) there is room for the acceptability of praying after the ending of Fajr according to positions in other schools, (2) they may have a legally acceptable excuse for doing so which we are unaware of, (3) their praying, even if as a makeup (qada‘), is far superior to not praying at all, and (4) commanding the good at the wrong time or in the wrong way may lead to a worse outcome, namely, their leaving the prayer altogether. But when the time is right, and on condition you have sound knowledge, you can point them with wisdom in the right direction so that they can fulfill the command correctly and in the way most pleasing to Allah Most High.

Please consider taking the following free class: Consider taking the following free class at SeekersHub: Absolute Essentials of Islam: Basic Hanafi Jurisprudence (STEP)

[Shurunbulali, Maraqi al-Falah with Tahtawi’s Gloss]

And please also see: The Criteria of Enjoining Good and Forbidding Evil

And Allah Most High alone knows best.

wassalam,
[Ustadh] Tabraze Azam

Checked and approved by Shaykh Faraz Rabbani

Ustadh Tabraze Azam was born and raised in Ipswich, England, a quiet town close to the east coast of England. His journey for seeking sacred knowledge began when he privately memorized the entire Qur’an in his hometown at the age of 16. He also had his first experience in leading the tarawih (nightly-Ramadan) prayers at his local mosque. Year after year he would continue this unique return to reciting the entire Quran in one blessed month both in his homeland, the UK, and also in the blessed lands of Shaam, where he now lives, studies and teaches.